Symadine, a manmade anti-viral medication that hampers the duplication of a virus within cells, was approved by the Food & Drug Administration in 1996. It is not currently known how the medication works in treating Parkinsons disease, just that it does work. The effects may be connected to the medicine’s ability to amplify the effects of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain whose function is usually lacking in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Patients suffering from Parkinson's disease or those who want to prevent the spread of a viral infection (particularly influenza) are candidates for this medicine.
To prevent viral infection, the medication should be taken prior to exposure to the virus just as with a vaccine. Symadine is not a practical treatment for most viral infections, it has been used to prevent Influenza A during flu season. Even when given a day or two after the onset of flu symptoms, it is effective in reducing the severity of flu symptoms. Symadine is also used to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
This medication is typically taken once or twice daily with or without food. If it causes an upset stomach, the patient should take the next dose with food. When treating influenza, Symadine should be taken within 24 to 48 hours after the first flu symptoms appear and continued 24 to 48 hours after the disappearance of the flu symptoms or at least 10 days total. Elderly persons and those with reduced kidney function may need lower or less frequent doses. Consult your healthcare professional for additional information.
Common side effects include vomiting, nausea, nervousness, inability to sleep, loss of coordination, and dizziness. One in twenty people are reported to suffer from these side effects and symptoms typically emerge several days or even just a few hours after treatment begins. Less common side effects include discoloration of the eye, loss of appetite, constipation, diarrhea, slurred speech, amnesia, weakness, drowsiness, hallucinations, confusion, depression, nightmares, irritability, and headache. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms.
Levodopa is more effective than Symadine in treating Parkinson's disease, but when taken together, the patient will see additional benefits. Symadine can alter the effects of alcohol and other sedatives such as the tricyclic class of antidepressants (Norpamin, Tofranil, and Elavil), the benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety drugs (Ambien, Valium, Xanax, Klonopin, and Ativan), opiate agonists (Codeine, Vicodin, Dilaudid, and Percocet), certain antihypertensive medications (Catapres and Inderal), and certain antihistamines (Tavist, Atarax, Vistaril, and Benadryl). Combining Symadine with any of the above medications may cause dizziness upon standing, fainting, lightheadedness, or confusion for the patient.
Symadine enhances the effects of dopamine in the brain, so other medications that block the effects of dopamine should not be taken while taking Symadine for Parkinson's. Medicines that should be avoided include phenothaizines like Mellaril (thioridazine) and Stelazine (triflupromazine), Haldol (halperidol), and Reglan (metoclopramide). Using diuretics hydrochlorothiazide or Dyazide/Maxzide (triamterene) with Symadine can impede the kidney's ability to purge Symadine from your body. This can lead to increased levels of the medicine in your blood and can increase your risk for side effects.
Currently, it is not known if Symadine is safe for pregnant women or their unborn babies. Consult your healthcare professional in order to determine whether or not Symadine's benefits to the pregnant woman outweigh its risks and disadvantages. Also, this medication has been proven to pass into breast milk in low concentrations. Even though it is not known how toxic it is to infants, nursing mothers are strongly discouraged from breastfeeding their babies while taking Symadine. Consult with your healthcare professional for more information and recommendations.
Symadine has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of symadine is C10H17N
• Chemical IUPAC Name is adamantan-1-amine
• Molecular weight is 151.249 g/mol
• Symadine available : 100mg tablets
Generic name: Amantadine
Brand name(s): Adamantamine, Adamantanamine, Adamantylamine, Adekin, Amantidine, Aminoadamantane, Endantadine, Mantadine, Symmetrel
Review published on: 25 December 2009
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