Rosiglitazone is used to assist in gylcemic control of type II diabetes mellitus as monotherapy in conjunction with diet and exercise or in conjunction with metformin, insulin or a sulfonylurea when diet, exercise or a single agent does not result in satisfactory gylcemic control of type II diabetes. This is not a substitute for diet and exercise, those regiments should be closely followed along with taking this drug. Rosiglitazone is the generic form of Avandia and is designed to make the cells more sensitive to the effects of insulin.
Patients should be warned that rosiglitazone may cause heart or liver failure and patients should expect to be monitored closely when they start the medication and anytime the dosage increases. Patients with type I diabetes cannot take this medication. Rosiglitazone should be taken as prescribed by the health care provider. If a dose is missed, take a dose as soon as possible; if the dose is close to the next scheduled, take the next schedule dose. Never take additional medication to make up for any missed doses. This medication can be taken independently of meals, unless upset stomach occurs. Never take dietary supplements, herbal medicines or over the counter medications without first consulting the prescribing physician; possible drug interactions may occur.
The Food and Drug Administration has given Rosiglitazone the pregnancy rating of C; therefore, women should consult the prescribing physician if pregnancy occurs or is suspected. It is undetermined whether this drug can be excreted while breastfeeding, so caution should use when prescribing this medication to nursing mothers. The safety and efficacy rating has been undetermined in children; therefore, it would be advisable not to prescribe Rosiglitazone to small children. Patients should be well informed of their disease and the medications that they are taking to treat it.
Rosiglitazone can lower blood sugar levels when used along with insulin; dizziness, light-headedness, faint or even disoriented. Patients should have a reliable source of glucose with them and medical alert bracelet on them at all times. The medication does not have to be taken with meals; however meals should not be skipped and should be eaten around the same time every day. This medication may induce ovulation in women that are already in menopause; it would advisable to be using reliable birth control when taking Rosiglitazone. Although it may be harder to control blood sugar levels during times of stress, illness, injury or infection, never taken any additional medication without the knowledge of the health care provider.
Headaches, dizziness, weight gain and fatigue are common side effects. Contact the prescribing physician if these or any other bothersome side effects should occur. The patient should use caution when driving or operating heavy machinery when taking Rosiglitazone because of the chance of dizziness. Severe side effects are any allergic reactions (swelling of face, mouth, throat, lips, difficulty breathing, rash, hives, itching, tightness in chest), blurred vision, chest pain, fainting, numbness of legs or arms, severe stomach pain or vomiting, symptoms of heart or liver failure or any signs of low blood sugar; if any of these were to occur, the patient should contact or go to the nearest emergency medical center. If overdose occurs or is suspected, go to the nearest urgent care facility or contact the local poison control center.
Rosiglitazone has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of rosiglitazone is C18H19N3O3S
• Chemical IUPAC Name is 5-[[4-[2-(methyl-pyridin-2-yl-amino)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]thiazolidine-2,4-dione
• Molecular weight is 357.428 g/mol
• Rosiglitazone available : 2mg tablets, 4mg tablets, 8mg tablets
Brand name(s): Avandamet, Avandia, Rosigliazone maleate, Rosiglitazone maleate, Rosiglizole
Review published on: 18 November 2007
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