Pyrazinamide is a vital part of the treatment regimen for tuberculosis (TB). Tuberculosis is a disease often caused by certain forms of bacteria. Pyrazinamide works by killing off those bacteria, thereby preventing the disease from progressing. To maximize its efficiency, Pyrazinamide is usually taken in combination with other Tuberculosis medication such as Rifampicin and Isoniazid.
Pyrazinamide is often taken in the beginning months of a six-month treatment regimen for TB.
Pyrazinamide is often taken as a tablet. This medication is easily recognizable since it is usually the largest among all the tablets that are part of a standard TB treatment regimen. However, the problem is that some patients find it difficult to swallow the rather large Pyrazinamide tablets. When this happens, the patient may opt to take Pyrazinamide in syrup form.
As for dosage, the American Thoracic Society recommends the dosage be determined according to the patient’s weight. The preferred daily Pyrazinamide dosage is 25 mg for every kilogram of the patient’s weight. For instance, if a person weighs 50 kilograms, the computation for dosage would be 25 mg multiplied by 50. According to recent studies, Pyrazinamide is most effective when taken as a single dosage, daily.
Before taking Pyrazinamide, it is recommended that you have a thorough consultation with your physician. It is necessary to inform him about other diseases that you have had in the past. If you have had any history of liver or kidney disease, do inform your doctor. Also, if you have had gout or if you are suffering from diabetes, tell your doctor as well. Most importantly, if you are currently suffering from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection, tell your doctor immediately. Having one or more of these conditions usually means that your doctor needs to tailor the TB treatment to make sure the treatment suitable for your specific case.
It is also significant that you inform your doctor about any allergies you may have.
Also, if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, talk to your doctor about whether Pyrazinamide is safe for you and your baby.
Once the patient starts taking Pyrazinamide, there are a few side effects that may be experienced. The most common side effect is joint pain. However, the pain is usually manageable and does not interrupt the treatment. Aside from joint paint, patients may also feel nauseous. This can sometimes lead to vomiting. The patient may also experience an overall sense of fatigue. In certain cases, Pyrazinamide has been known to cause the patient to itch or to develop a rash. Yellowing of the skin and eyes may also be observed.
As a result of taking Pyrazinamide, patients may also notice darkening in their urine. Along with this, there might be some pain during urination.
On a more serious side, Pyrazinamide can cause hepatoxicity. Hepatoxicity is generally understood as a form of hepatitis triggered by the consumption of certain chemicals, in this case, Pyrazinamide. Like in hepatitis, hepatoxicity refers to damage or injury to the liver. This is often linked to over dosage of Pyrazinamide. In order to avoid this, the administration of Pyrazinamide must be monitored closely by the physician.
Pyrazinamide has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of pyrazinamide is C5H5N3O
• Chemical IUPAC Name is pyrazine-2-carboxamide
• Molecular weight is 123.1127 g/mol
• Pyrazinamide available : 500mg tablets
Brand name(s): Aldinamid, Aldinamide, Braccopiral, Corsazinmid, Dipimide, Eprazin, Farmizina, Isopas, Lynamide, Novamid, Pezetamid, Piraldina, Pirazimida, Pirazinamid, Pirilene, Prazina, Pyrafat, Pyramide, Pyrazide, Pyrazinamdie, Pyrazine carboxylamide, Pyrazineamide, Pyrazinecarboxamide, Rifater, Rozide, Tebrazid, Tebrazio, Unipyranamide, Zinamide, Zinastat
Review published on: 23 March 2009
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