Prochlorperazine is an effective drug that can relieve patients of nausea and vomiting from a number of medical and treatment procedures. Make sure you know the proper way to take it to stay safe.
Prochlorperazine is the generic name of the prescription drug belonging to a class known as piperazine phenothiazine derivatives. It also comes under the brand names Compazine, Stemetile, Phenotil, Buccastem and Compro which are mainly used to treat nausea and vomiting stemming from radiation therapy, surgery, cancer chemotherapy as well as other psychotic symptoms through its potent neuroleptic effects. The drug class works by inhibiting dopamine receptors in the central nervous system and affecting part of the brain that controls blood pressure, temperature and metabolism. The drug comes in the form of extended-release capsules, tablets, oral liquids and rectal suppositories.
Prochlorperazine can cause a variety of side effects like other medications such as drowsiness, decreased sweating, dry mouth, stuffy nose, blurred vision, decreased sex drive, dizziness, mild restlessness, weakness, tremor, dark urine, difficulty urinating, constipation and increased appetite. Some symptoms need immediate medical attention such as fine worm-like movements, slow or difficult speech, restlessness, pacing, tremor, shuffled gait, skin rash, difficulty swallowing, rhythmic mouth or jaw movements, jaundice, allergic reaction, muscle spasm in the face or neck, uncontrollable movement of the face and extremities, severe rash and severe drowsiness or fainting.
Contraindications to Prochlorperazine include allergic reaction to the drug or any tranquilizer and concurrent use of antihistamines, lithium, antidepressants, anti-Parkinson’s drugs, sedatives, narcotics, anti-seizure medications and vitamins. Children younger than 16 years old with probable signs of Reye’s Syndrome like vomiting, seizure and fever are not allowed to take Prochlorperazine. Special precautions should be given to nursing mothers, pregnant women and those who are about to undergo surgery including dental surgery. Underlying conditions should also be watched out for like glaucoma, seizure, Parkinson’s disease, kidney and liver problems, enlarged prostate and bone marrow disease.
Prochlorperazine blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors licated in the brain as well as the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone. It presents potent alpha-adrenergic and anticholinergic inhibitory effects and prevents hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormone release. As a piperazine phenothiazine antipsychotic drug, it depresses the reticular activating system thereby causing changes in basal metabolism, body temperature, vasomotor tone and emesis.
12 patients who are undergoing chemotherapy were included in trial wherein they were divided into two groups. The first group of 6 patients was given 10 mg of Prochlorperazine 3 times a day while the other 6 patients were placed on a placebo. After 6 weeks of observation and dosage, the first group exhibited significant improvement in condition especially through the alleviation of symptoms like nausea and vomiting.
Prochlorperazine is only available when prescribed in pharmacies, clinics and online drugstores. There may be a few online sources that will release the drug even without prescription but this is not universally accepted and is considered unethical and illegal. Make sure you verify the authenticity and quality of the medication by checking the expiry date, manufacturing company and source.
The usual dose for the drug is 5 to 10 mg to be taken 3 to 4 times a day. Wear protective clothing and gear against sunlight to minimize risk for photosensitivity. Reduce or stop alcohol intake altogether. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until the full effects of Prochlorperazine is known.
Prochlorperazine has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of prochlorperazine is C20H24ClN3S
• Chemical IUPAC Name is 2-chloro-10-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-10H-phenothiazine
• Molecular weight is 373.943 g/mol
• Prochlorperazine available : 5mg tablets, 10mg tablets
Brand name(s): Buccastem, Capazine, Chlormeprazine, Chlorperazine, Combid, Compazine, Compro, Emelent, Emetiral, Eskatrol, Kronocin, Meterazin, Meterazine, Nipodal, Novamin, Pasotomin, Prochloroperazine, Prochlorperazin, Prochlorpromazine, Procloperazine, Proclorperazine, Stemetil, Tementil, Temetid, Vertigon
Review published on: 16 July 2008
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