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Modafinil review
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The drug modafinil is classified as an analeptic drug, which is analogous to stimulants.
The main action of modafinil is to increase the release of monoamines, specifically the catecholamines, dopamine, and norepinephrine. However, apart from this, the drug also elevates the levels of hypothalamic histamine, having the drug considered as a waking drug rather than a classic stimulant such as amphetamines.
Modafinil is marketed under the brand names Alertec, Provigil, Modaavigil, and Modalert. This drug is used for the treatment of narcolepsy, sleep apnea, hypersomnia, and shift work sleep disorder.
The recommended daily dosage of modafinil is 200 mg to be give to patients once a day. This is usually taken as a single dose in the morning. Some reports have shown that up to 400 mg of doses have been well tolerated, but has had no significant increase in the effectiveness of the drug.
There have been rare reports of less serious side effects on the use of the drug modafinil. These less serious side effects include headaches, nausea, vomiting, stomach pains, increased aggressiveness and skin irritation.
There have been reports of psychological and behavioral side effects that are brought about by the use of the drug. These side effects include tremors, confusion, irritability, nervousness, sleep disturbances. Palpitations and diarrhea may also be experienced as side effects.
Modafinil is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or its known components. It is also contraindicated in patients with a history of heart problems, liver cirrhosis, and a known addiction to alcohol and substance drugs.
It has been reported that modafinil has an adverse effect on hormonal contraceptives, which may last for a month after the treatment is stopped. Serious rashes which may include Stevens-Johnson syndrome may also develop upon the usage of the drug. The cases of the onset of fatal skin infections brought about by drug use have been very rare.
The drug may cause impairment in motor functioning because it affects the central nervous system. Therefore, caution is to be advised for patients taking the drug if they will perform tasks requiring physical and mental focus and attention.
Although it is not known to pose any risk to the unborn fetus, caution must be exercised when administering the drug to pregnant women. Women who are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed should always consult their physician prior to the administration of the drug as it is not known if modafinil passes on to breast milk.
Modafinil has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of modafinil is C15H15NO2S
• Chemical IUPAC Name is 2-benzhydrylsulfinylethanamide
• Molecular weight is 273.351 g/mol
• Modafinil available : 100mg tablets and 200mg tablets
Brand name(s): Modafinilo, Modafinilum, Modalert, Moderateafinil, Modiodal, Provigil
Review published on: 15 September 2009
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