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Misoprostol review by Medical-look.com
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Misoprostol has shown to have potent gastrointestinal and gynecological effects. However, individuals should be aware about proper consumption to avoid adverse effects.
Misoprostol is the generic name of the FDA-approved drug which is also known under the brand name Cytotec by Pfizer. It is primarily used to prevent NSAID or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric ulcers as well as to induce labor and as an abortifacient. It can be used together with mifepristone for abortion. The prostaglandin E1 or PGE1 analogue is approved in over 85 countries since its first appearance in the market in 1985. Most countries only approve its effect for the treatment of ulcer while a few approve of its gynecological uses.
Prostaglandins are body chemicals that provide various advantageous functions. Prostaglandins normally protect the stomach lining. As a PGE1 analogue, Misoprostol effectively reduces the secretion of stomach acid and improves the ability of the stomach lining to resist the side effects of different NSAIDS which may be used by patients to treat pain and arthritis such as ibuprofen, aspirin and Advil. The drug however, cannot prevent intestinal or duodenal ulcers as well as other effects of NSAIDS which happen in the gastrointestinal tract. Misoprostol is an oral medication to be taken by mouth.
Misoprostol may cause side effects so make sure that the doctor knows all underlying conditions that the patient has to maximize beneficial effects and minimize health risks. Symptoms may range from mild to severe such s diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain, upset stomach, flatulence, headache, vomiting, dyspepsia and indigestion. More serious symptoms include vomiting blood or hematemesis, uterine bleeding or cramping, bloody or black tarry stools and difficulty breathing. People may experience Misoprostol overdose causing them to collapse, pass out or have trouble breathing.
Contraindications for the drug include individuals with known hypersensitivity reactions. Pregnant women and lactating mothers should not take the drug since it can cause abortion. Patients should refrain from alcohol and tobacco while taking the drug to maximize its effectiveness. People taking some drugs like antacids and anti-arthritics should watch out for differences in drug efficacy. Those with IBS or irritable bowel syndrome or disease may experience aggravation of symptoms.
A clinical study involving 26 female patients ages 18 to 28 were given 200 mcg of Misoprostol 4 times a day for a span of 2 weeks. None of the patients were pregnant but had complaints of stomach pain with a diagnosis of gastric ulcer. After the first week, 35% of the subjects exhibited improved condition. 6 patients manifested side effects within the first week. At the end of the second week, 22 out of 26 have shown significant improvement experiencing little or no stomach pain. The researchers found out that reducing the dosage to 100 mcg also resulted to reduced occurrence of side effects.
As a PGE1 analogue, Misoprostol causes myometrial contractions through its effects on myometrial cell receptors. Calcium concentration is affected thereby triggering muscle contraction. In women, the drug causes the uterus to contract and the cervix to soften, expelling the contents of the uterus. At the same time, the stomach lining is reinforced and protected from side effects of NSAIDs.
Misoprostol is a prescription medication and can only be bought with doctor’s recommendations. Clinics, pharmacies and online drugstores have the medication in stock and they will require you to present the prescription which entails the right timing and dosage to provide the needed amount.
Misoprostol ideally should be taken regularly to render noticeable results. Do not take more or less than the recommended dosage and do not abruptly stop consumption without doctor’s advice. Usually, the medication is taken 4 times daily at bedtime with food. Women should not take the drug first before their second or third day of menstruation to ensure that they’re not pregnant.
Misoprostol has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of misoprostol is C22H38O5
• Chemical IUPAC Name is methyl7-[3-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methyl-oct-1-enyl)-5-oxo-cyclopentyl]heptanoate
• Molecular weight is 382.534 g/mol
• Misoprostol available : 100mcg tablets, 200mcg tablets
Brand name(s): Arthrotec, Cytotec, Misoprostolum
Review published on: 28 June 2008
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