Cyproterone belongs to a group of drugs called antiandrogen which suppresses the activity of testosterone on the tissues. It blocks the androgen receptors, preventing the androgen from joining with them while suppressing the growth of luteinizing hormones.
Cyproterone is available under the brand names Procur, Androcur, Cyprone, Cyprostat, Cyprohexal, Cyrproteron, Cyproteronium, Ciproterona, Neoproxil, and Silterone. It is recommended to individuals who have prostate cancer, hypersexuality, priapism, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can also be used for the treatment of hirsutism.
Cyproterone is sometimes used to cure hot flashes because it can act like progesterone. In other countries it is also used to cure acne and male-pattern hair growth.
The dosage of Cyproterone depends on the condition of the patient. The usual dose of Cyproterone as an oral contraceptive is 2 mg per day taken once for 21 days. This is followed by a week-long interval using placebo pills.
The dosage for hypersexuality, hirsutism, and transexuals, a dosage of 25 mg taken twice a day should be enough, although the dosage can be increased up to 25 a day. Since chances of side effects increase with dosage, it is advisable that patients take the lowest dosage possible.
Dosage of Cyproterone for cure of prostate cancer can go up to 300 mg per day, although such high dose can increase the risk of severe hepatic toxicity requiring close monitoring. Cyproterone is usually co-administered with drugs like 5-alpha reductase inhibitor for the treatment of prostate cancer.
The most severe side effect caused by the use of Cyproterone is liver toxicity. Patients are usually monitored for changes in the liver enzymes, especially those who take doses of 200-300 mg per day. Toxicity depends on the dosage, so those who use Cyproterone as a birth control tool usually have low risk of suffering from liver toxicity.
Cyproterone can also result to suppressed adrenal function. It has also been associated with changes in mood particularly depression among patients, probably caused by deprivation of androgen.
Patients may also suffer from side effects such as nausea, cramps, vomiting, headache, spotting, decreased sexual desire, and breast tenderness. In case any of these side effects worsen or persist, patients should immediately inform their doctors.
Some of the more serious side effects of Cyproterone include swollen or painful leg, blurred vision, and dizziness. Other severe side effects may include irregular heartbeat, weakness, dark urine, yellowed skin or eyes, pain in the abdomen, and irregular urination.
Cyproterone should be used with caution in patients who have a history of depression as well as those who have diabetes. Cyproterone may cause changes in one’s glucose metabolism. This drug can also aggravate the risks of thromboembolism and other alter lipid profiles.
Cyproterone is not recommended to pregnant women. For women who are of childbearing age, the drug should be given with a complementary oral contraceptive. Additional Cyproterone may also be taken to ensure that the drug does not disturb in any way with regular withdrawal bleeding.
Cyproterone has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of cyproterone is C22H27ClO3
• Molecular weight is 374.9010 g/mol
Brand name(s): Diane, Dianette, Estelle
Review published on: 08 July 2009
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