Clonazepam is a drug that belongs to a group called benzodiazepine which also includes diazepam or Valium and flurazepam. Clonazepam enhance the effects of the GABA neurotransmitter which inhibits activity in the brain.
Adults and children suffering from various types of seizures may take Clonazepam such as akinetic, petit mal, and myoclonus seizure. It is also effective in relieving short-term anxiety symptoms. It can be used to complement other drugs for seizure disorders.
Dosing of Clonazepam depends on the needs of the patient. Adults suffering from seizure have to take 1.5 milligrams taken three times a day. The dosage can then be increased up to 1 milligram daily until the seizures are controlled. For patients with panic disorders the initial dose is .25 milligrams taken twice in day. The dose can then be increased up to 1 milligram a day after 3 days.
The most common side effect associated with the use of Clonazepam is sedation. Almost half of patients who used Clonazepam have experienced sedation, while 1/3 of patients have experience dizziness, unsteadiness, and weakness. Other side effects may include headache, difficulty in sleeping, loss of orientation and depression.
The use of Clonazepam can also result to physical dependence typical in all benzodiazepines. Those who suddenly stopped using the drug may suddenly feel side effects such as insomnia and agitation. Those who use Clonazepam for a longer period than prescribed by a physician may experience muscle cramping, seizure, vomiting, tremors, and sweating.
Like most antiepileptic drugs, the use of Clonazepam results to an increased risk of users having a suicidal behavior. Those who use Clonazepam should balance such risk with the clinical requirement for antiepileptic medication.
Clonazepam also heightens the effects of drugs that slow down the brain processes such as alcohol, narcotics, and barbiturates.
Pregnant women are discouraged from using Clonazepam since it has been linked to fetal damage especially in the first few months of the pregnancy. Most doctors discourage women in taking Clonazepam throughout pregnancy.
Before taking Clonazepam, users should inform their doctors if they have any allergy especially to benzodiazepines such as lorazepam and diazepam. Patients who have had liver disease, glaucoma, drug dependency, kidney disease, breathing disorder, and mental disorder should divulge their conditions before agreeing to take this medication.
The use of Clonazepam may make a patient dizzy or drowsy, so one should be cautious when driving or operating machinery. The elderly are also more susceptible to side effects of Clonazepam such as confusion and drowsiness.
Clonazepam can have serious interaction with sodium oxybate. If a patient is presently using the drug, he or she must immediately inform a physician before beginning to take Clonazepam. Patients should also tell their doctors of the drugs- whether prescription or non-prescription- that they are taking.
Anti-depressants such as fluoxetine, nefazodone, fluvoxamine can also have interactions with Clonazepam. Likewise other drugs that result to drowsiness such as antihistamines, anti-anxiety, and anti-seizure drugs may interact negatively with Clonazepam.
Clonazepam has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of clonazepam is C15H10ClN3O3
• Chemical IUPAC Name is 6-(2-chlorophenyl)-9-nitro-2,5-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undeca-5,8,10,12-tetraen-3-one
• Molecular weight is 315.711 g/mol
• Clonazepam available : 0.5mg tablets, 1mg tablets, 2mg tablets
Brand name(s): Antelepsin, Antilepsin, Chlonazepam, Cloazepam, Clonazepamum, Clonopin, Iktorivil, Klonopin, Landsen, Rivotril
Review published on: 03 July 2009
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