Calcipotriol is a combined Vitamin D and calcitriol derivative. It is mainly administered as an effective treatment of psoriasis, or any related autoimmune disease manifesting as red scaly patches on certain parts of the bodys skin. This is more specifically geared to an indirect prevention of overly excessive skin production. The Vitamin D component is believed to be an added nutrient to increase the effects of the vitamin itself in the body and is believed to be effective in curbing the effects of stress, smoking, and alcohol consumption which may lead to such allergic-like rashes through antioxidative processes. On a more specific note, it is linked to the suppression of keratinocyte formation by certain cells.
It was first realized for its potential during a study in osteoporosis for specific subjects being treated with Vitamin D, wherein one of the subject's psoriasis significantly subsided and eventually vanished. The mechanism of the drug in a cellular level is described as a helper component in T cells of the immune system wherein the latter is known to have a direct affinity with the inversely proportional occurrence of psoriasis.
Primarily, those who have psoriasis attacks or who have similar symptoms of autoimmune rashes on the skin may be prescribed by expert medical personnel or physicians with calcipotriene as an initial treatment for such disease. In the event that the drug is ineffective, then an additional diagnostic study may be performed to determine possible medication alternatives.
Indications calls for psoriasis attacks, and treatment regimen would be through cream, solution, or ointment. It is applied twice daily in the plaques or scaly portion of the affected area of the skin. Results of effective healing process after treatment regimen would take place in about 2 weeks, and is much more effective than corticosteroid treatment as evidenced by absence of tachyphylaxis, or a lessened effect of the drug after the first few initial doses. Calcipotriene healing rate for the psoriasis plaques remain consistent and constant throughout the whole duration of treatment regimen.
Recommended dosage of the drug is about .005% cream or ointment application in either once or twice per day. Maximum amount per week would be 100g for adults, 75g per week for 7 t o12 years old, while 50g per week for lower than 6 years old patients.
Since it is a naturally occurring derivative of Vitamin D3, it has been observed to be highly safe to most applications. However, there are very rare instances wherein hypercalcemia ensue post medication. Though the main cause is unknown, the drug may cause such outcome upon personal overuse of the drug.
There have been rare reports that some of the adverse reactions of the drug may lead to skin irritation, further scaling, and erythema at the applied skin site.
Standard precautions should be noted for hypersensitivity to drug such as development of allergic reactions. It should also not be applied on the face, as well as not be used during pregnancy and lactation as it may have an effect on the fetus.
Calcipotriol has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of calcipotriol is C27H40O3
• Chemical IUPAC Name is 1R,3S)-5-[2-[(1R,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-5-cyclopropyl-5-hydroxy-pent-3-en-2-yl]- 7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-ylidene] ethylidene]-4-methylidene-cyclohexane-1,3-diol
• Molecular weight is 412.605 g/mol
Brand name(s): Daivonex
Review published on: 21 June 2009
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