Bromoxidine, or Bromoxidine tartrate, is an ophthalmic solution that is commonly used for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients suffering from ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. This drug is also known as Alphagan-P.
People suffering from ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma use Bromoxidine. It is commonly administered in eye-drop form to individuals to reduce intraocular pressure that may cause nerve damage and a possibility of vision loss if left unchecked.
Studies show that patients suffering from an elevated IOP may suffer from glaucomatous field loss. Health care providers prescribe the use of Bromoxidine as a means of reducing IOP to avoid these risks.
Bromoxidine or Alphagan-P is administered 3 times a day of one drop each on the affected eye. It is used every 8 hours. The effects of the medication are at its peak between 30 minutes to 2.5 hours after administering. It was claimed that Alphagan-P 0.15% has an increased effect in decreasing IOP as compared to the 0.20% solution; wherein 2 to 6mmhg has enough potency to reduce IOP.
In case more than one ophthalmic agent is used on the patient, Bromoxidine should be administered, at least, five minutes after the previous medication and for the next solution.
Around 10 to 20 percent of people using Bromoxidine (Alphagan-P) suffers from eye pruritus, conjuctival hyperemia, and allergic conjunctivitis. 5 to 9 percent of the total users are known to experience conjuctival folliculosis, burning sensation, hypertension, and dryness in the mouth, ocular allergic reaction, and vision problems.
Approximately 4% of the population using Bromoxidine suffers from allergic reaction, blurred vision, fatigue or weakness, flu, eye irritation and abnormal discharge, gastrointestinal disorder, rash, sinus infection, vision problems, stinging, and so on.
Rare side effects in using Bromoxidine include hordeolum, nasal dryness, corneal erosion, and sudden changes to the taste of the patient.
Studies show that there is an additive effect when Bromoxidine is used alongside CNS depressants, such as alcohol, sedatives, anesthetics, opiates, and barbiturates. There is a possibility that such combination might trigger a lowering of the patient’s blood pressure and pulse. There might be adverse effects when Bromoxidine is used with beta-blockers.
Patients wearing contact lenses are advised to wait for 15 minutes after administering the medication before use. The preservatives contained in the Bromoxidine solution may be absorbed by soft contact lenses and cause adverse reactions or possible eye irritation if left unchecked.
There is also a possibility that some patients may experience fatigue, weakness, or sudden drowsiness after using Bromoxidine. Caution is advised when undergoing hazardous activities when under the effects of the medication.
There were no known issues in regards to the effect of the medication to pregnant women or breastfeeding. Studies show that small amounts of Bromoxidine penetrate the placenta and there were no known complications after birth. The same can also be said for breastfeeding women.
Experts advise women to consult a health care provider to avoid possible complications and used only if the benefits outweighs the risks to the fetus.
Bromoxidine has the following structural formula:
• Molecular formula of bromoxidine is C11H10BrN5
• Chemical IUPAC Name is 5-bromo-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine
• Molecular weight is 292.135 g/mol
• Bromoxidine available : 10 ml bottle 15% solution, 5 ml bottle 15% solution, 0.1% solution 15ml bottle, 15 ml bottle 15%
Generic name: Brimonidine
Brand name(s): Alphagan
Review published on: 31 July 2009
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